Kamsia Tada san e soatbeng.

Goa kamkak retroflex eng "ch, chh, sh" chiann ho.

Na beh poliu "r", anni sia "chhri" ma chiann ho. Na kanna eng "chh", siacho
"chhi" to bo thotong, "chhii" kholeng e khah ho.

Khia ti Taioan cho chuthe e liptiunn, khaksit bo pitiau khupiat simsi
retroflex. Anni, chit pouhun simsi to chhaiiong "ch, chh, sh" ka
kouteng--lohlai?

Kiatgak

----- Original Message -----
From: "TADA Kei" 
To: "" 
Cc: "Tojhokchu" ; "keith cheng"
; "Babuza Chu" ; "Taigu
(Taiwanese Net)" 
Sent: Wednesday, July 31, 2002 8:49 AM
Subject: Re: [TGB] Lihai, chin lihai! (Thong-iong cho-than-hoe)


> Kiatgak hiaN, Si-chong siansiN,
>
> Tosia lin e hoeeng!
>
> Kiatgak hiaN thechhut 2 tiam:
>
> 1). retroflex e im, nasi "chr chhr sh r", khoaN-bechhut in e kiongtong e
> tekchit. iong "sr" chiah khoaN-echhut in e kiongtong e tekchit.
>
> Li kong e khah hapli. Goa bo iong "sr", iong "sh" e liiu si,
> a). Hakfa khahcha e POJ (MacIver) si iong "sh" lai piausi retroflex.
> (dental "ts, tsh, s" ; retroflex "ch, chh, sh")
>
> b). Khahcha e Tiongkok oe pheng-im long si iong "sh":
> Kokgu LMJ, Lim Gutng, Chuim 2sek, Yale, Wade, Iucheng, Hangi.
>
> c). Enggi lai khoaN, iong "sh" lai piausi chit-e im, u chit-e thoanthong.
> chhiuN: Shanghai (Sionghai).
> "sr" piausi s+r. chhiuN: Sri Lanka.
>
> ChhiaN chhamkho.
>
>
> 2). "chhri" (eat) engkai si "chhrii".
>
> Phonetics e koantiam lai kong engkai si "chhrii" khah chengkhak. M-ku,
> tui Phonology e koantiam lai khoaN, "chhr" e aupiah chi-u "ii", bo "i",
> che 2-e mbian khupiat. Sou-i goa tioh iong khah kantan e "i".
> (che chhinchhiuN POJ u e souchai bo "o" kap "o'" e khupiat. chhiuN: "oa"
> si "o'+a", engkai msi "o+a".)
> Chit-tiam goa bo saN kianchhi.
>
>
> Si-chong siansiN thekhi:
>
> > Goa kian-gi lan teh cho Taioan Hoagi im-phiau e si, ai kho-lu tioh
> > Hoa-gi Taioan-hoa e gi-im pian-chhian e cheng-heng (shift). Chhin-
> > chhiuN "ch", "chr" bo-hun, "chh", "chhr" bo hun e cheng-heng.
>
> Taioan e Tiongkok oe nasi lan etang ka sengjin cho Taioan e gigian,
> si in-ui che si chian-au tui Tiongkok lai e ibin ("goaseng-lang") e
> binchok gigian. Sou-i engkai bo "Taioan Kokgi" e buntoe.
>
> Lan na sengjin "Taioan Kokgi" (m si (Taioan) Tiongkok oe) cho Taioan e
> kokka gigian chi it. Anne tui Holo oe, Hakfa, GCB oe e hoattian bo ho.
> In-ui, Taioanlang u "Taioan Kokgi" chiah bo kamkak-tioh iong Taigu e
> pit-iau. Goa ngbang Taioan punthou binchok khisak goakok-oe, iong kaki
> e kha (Taigu) lai khia-khilai.
>
> ChhiaN chikau.
>
> TADA Kei
>
> ---
> >Tada san chit tho chiann ho. Anni taike simsi etang eng chit tho cho
kichhou
> >lai tholun? Teng chhut 1 tho khah huhap giimhak e hongan lai chhuisak.
> >
> >Lenggoa, laite "sh" (voiceless retroflex fricative) simsi "sr" chiah
tioh?
> >
> >> "chhri" for 'eat'
> >
> >Simsi "chhrii" chiah tioh?
> >
> >> chong-si, tui Holo POJ e koantiam lai kong pi Thong-iong koh khah ho.
> >
> >Tui koansi (1) POJ (2) TLPA (3) Wade system (4) Engbun, tt seau gigian
(5)
> >IPA e lang lai kong engkai long khah ho Thongiong.
> >
> >Kiatgak
> >
> >----- Original Message -----
> >From: "TADA Kei" 
> >To: "Tojhokchu" 
> >Cc: "keith cheng" ; ""
> >; "Babuza Chu" ; "Taigu
> >(Taiwanese Net)" 
> >Sent: Monday, July 29, 2002 3:23 PM
> >Subject: Re: [TGB] Lihai, chin lihai! (Thong-iong cho-than-hoe)
> >
> >
> >> Kap POJ thong-iong e Tiongkok oe pheng-im engkai u chiok choe.
> >> Goa ma u 1-tho. Che tioh ai cheng-ka i-ha e huho.
> >>
> >> 1). Tiongkok oe Te 3 siaN e huho.
> >> 2). khinsiaN huho.
> >> 3). u umlaut for 'fish'/'rain'.
> >> 4). [i-] Kheh-gi e ii (u+ ekha ":") (uitioh beh piausi "sii '4'")
> >>
> >> laitoe u koa sou-chai hou lang kamkak chin bai. chhiuN "chhri" for
'eat'.
> >> chong-si, tui Holo POJ e koantiam lai kong pi Thong-iong koh khah ho.
> >>
> >> TADA
> >>
> >> ---
> >> [siaN-tiau]
> >> a
> >> [aA](iong Holo e te 5 siaN lai piau Tiongkok oe te 2 siaN)
> >> [aV]
> >> [a/](Holo te 2 siaN piausi Tiongkok oe te 4 siaN)
> >> [a.](mchai suiau khinsiaN huho, iah bo.)
> >>
> >> [chu-im](LMJ, *PY)
> >> p, *b
> >> ph,*p
> >> m
> >> f
> >> t, *d
> >> th, *t
> >> n
> >> l
> >> k, *g
> >> kh, *k
> >> h
> >>
> >> ch, *z (ch[i-] for *zi)
> >> chh, *c
> >> s
> >> ch, *j (chi for *ji, ch[u:] for *ju)
> >> chh, *q
> >> s, *x
> >>
> >> chr, *zh
> >> chhr, *ch
> >> sh
> >> r
> >>
> >> [bo-im/un-boe](C taipiau Chu-im)
> >> i
> >> u
> >> [u:(u umlaut)]
> >> a
> >> u, *o [chrung for *zhong]
> >> o, *e [koko for *gege 'elder brother']
> >> e
> >>
> >> ai
> >> ei
> >> au, *ao
> >> ou
> >> an
> >> on/Cn, *en [mon/mn for *men]
> >> ang
> >> ong/Cng, *eng [chrong/chrng for *zheng]
> >> or, *er
> >>
>
> * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
> * Li chu-chheh e e-mail khau-cho si: TADA Kei
.
> * Beh kia phoe ho' tak-ke tioh iong chit-e khau-cho chiah kia-e-kau.
> * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
>

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
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* Beh kia phoe ho' tak-ke tioh iong chit-e khau-cho chiah kia-e-kau.
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